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/*
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
This source file is part of OGRE
(Object-oriented Graphics Rendering Engine)
For the latest info, see http://www.ogre3d.org/

Copyright (c) 2000-2006 Torus Knot Software Ltd
Also see acknowledgements in Readme.html

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free Software
Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License along with
this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple
Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA, or go to
http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.txt.

You may alternatively use this source under the terms of a specific version of
the OGRE Unrestricted License provided you have obtained such a license from
Torus Knot Software Ltd.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
/***************************************************************************
terrainscenemanager.h  -  description
---------------------
  begin                : Mon Sep 23 2002
  copyright            : (C) 2002 by Jon Anderson
  email                : janders@users.sf.net

  Enhancements 2003 - 2004 (C) The OGRE Team

***************************************************************************/

#ifndef TERRAINSCENEMANAGER_H
#define TERRAINSCENEMANAGER_H

#include "OgreTerrainPrerequisites.h"
#include "OgreOctreeSceneManager.h"
#include "OgreOctreeSceneQuery.h"
#include "OgreTerrainRenderable.h"
#include "OgreTerrainPageSource.h"
#include "OgreIteratorWrappers.h"


namespace Ogre
{

class Image;

typedef std::vector < TerrainPage * > TerrainPageRow;
typedef std::vector < TerrainPageRow > TerrainPage2D;

/** Default implementation of RaySceneQuery. */
class _OgreOctreePluginExport TerrainRaySceneQuery : public OctreeRaySceneQuery
{
protected:
	WorldFragment mWorldFrag;
public:
    TerrainRaySceneQuery(SceneManager* creator);
    ~TerrainRaySceneQuery();

    /** See RayScenQuery. */
    void execute(RaySceneQueryListener* listener);
};



/** This is a basic SceneManager for organizing TerrainRenderables into a total landscape.
  * It loads a terrain from a .cfg file that specifices what textures/scale/mipmaps/etc to use.
  *@author Jon Anderson
  */

class _OgreOctreePluginExport TerrainSceneManager : public OctreeSceneManager
{
public:
    TerrainSceneManager(const String& name);
    virtual ~TerrainSceneManager( );

	/// @copydoc SceneManager::getTypeName
	const String& getTypeName(void) const;

    /** Loads the terrain using parameters int he given config file. */
    void setWorldGeometry( const String& filename );
    /** Loads the terrain using parameters in the given config file (contained 
		in a stream). */
	virtual void setWorldGeometry(DataStreamPtr& stream, 
		const String& typeName = StringUtil::BLANK);

    /** Aligns TerrainRenderable neighbors, and renders them. */
    virtual void _renderVisibleObjects( void );

    /** Returns the height at the given terrain coordinates. */
    float getHeightAt( float x, float y );


    bool intersectSegment( const Vector3 & start, const Vector3 & end, Vector3 * result );

    /** Sets the texture to use for the main world texture. */
    void setWorldTexture(const String& textureName);
    /** Sets the texture to use for the detail texture. */
    void setDetailTexture(const String& textureName);
    /** Sets the number of times per tile the detail texture should be repeated. */
    void setDetailTextureRepeat(int repeat);
    /** Sets the dimensions of each tile (must be power of 2 + 1) */
    void setTileSize(int size); 
    /** Sets the dimensions of each page (must be power of 2 + 1) */
    void setPageSize(int size); 
    /** Sets the maximum screen space pixel error.  */
    void setMaxPixelError(int pixelError); 
    /** Sets how to scale the terrain data. */
    void setScale(const Vector3& scale);
    /** Sets the maximum geomipmap level to allow. */
    void setMaxGeoMipMapLevel(int maxMip);
    
    /** Gets the texture to use for the main world texture. */
    const String& getWorldTexture(void) { return mWorldTextureName; }
    /** Gets the texture to use for the detail texture. */
    const String& getDetailTexture(void) { return mDetailTextureName; }
    /** Gets the number of times per tile the detail texture should be repeated. */
    int getDetailTextureRepeat(void);
    /** Gets the dimensions of each tile (must be power of 2 + 1) */
    int getTileSize(void); 
    /** Gets the dimensions of each page (must be power of 2 + 1) */
    int getPageSize(void); 
    /** Gets the maximum screen space pixel error.  */
    int getMaxPixelError(void); 
    /** Gets how to scale the terrain data. */
    const Vector3& getScale(void);
    /** Gets the maximum geomipmap level to allow. */
    int getMaxGeoMipMapLevel(void);



    /** Sets whether the terrain should use triangle strips or not.
    @remarks
        The default is not, in which case it uses triangle lists. 
    */
    void setUseTriStrips(bool useStrips);
    /** Sets whether or not terrain tiles should be morphed between LODs
    (NB requires vertex program support). */
    void setUseLODMorph(bool useMorph);
    /** Sets whether vertex normals will be generated for the terrain. */
    void setUseVertexNormals(bool useNormals);
    /** Sets whether vertex colours will be used. */
    void setUseVertexColours(bool useColours);

    /** Sets the name of a custom material to use to shade the landcape.
    @remarks
        This method allows you to provide a custom material which will be
        used to render the landscape instead of the standard internal 
        material. This gives you a great deal of flexibility and allows you 
        to perform special effects if you wish. Note that because you determine
        every aspect of the material, this setting makes the use of setWorldTexture
        and setDetailTexture redundant.
    @par
        In your custom material, you can use all the usual features of Ogre's
        materials, including multiple passes if you wish. You can also use 
        the programmable pipeline to hook vertex and fragment programs into the
        terrain rendering. The plugin provides the following vertex components:
        <ul>
            <li>positions</li>
            <li>2 sets of texture coordinates (index 0 is world texture, 
            index 1 is detail texture)</li>
            <li>Normals, if enabled</li>
            <li>Per-vertex delta values, for morphing a higher LOD tile into 
                a lower LOD tile. This is one float per vertex bound as 'blend
                weight'. If you want to use this you also have to provide the
                name or index of the parameter you wish to receive the morph factor
                (@see setCustomMaterialMorphFactorParam)</li>
        </ul>
    */
    void setCustomMaterial(const String& materialName);
    /** Sets the name of the vertex program parameter to which to pass the
        LOD morph factor.
    @remarks
        When LOD morphing is enabled, and you are using a custom material to 
        shade the terrain, you need to inform this class of the parameter you
        wish the current LOD morph factor to be passed to. This is a simple
        float parameter value that the plugin will set from 0 to 1, depending on
        the morph stage of a tile. 0 represents no morphing, ie the vertices are
        all in the original position. 1 represents a complete morph such that
        the height of the vertices is the same as they are at the next lower LOD
        level. The vertex program must use this factor, in conjunction with the
        per-vertex height delta values (bound as 'blend weight'), to displace
        vertices.
    @note This version of the method lets you specify a parameter name, compatible
        with high-level vertex programs. There is an alternative signature method
        which allows you to set the parameter index for low-level assembler programs.
    @param paramName The name of the parameter which will receive the morph factor
    */
    void setCustomMaterialMorphFactorParam(const String& paramName);
    /** Sets the index of the vertex program parameter to which to pass the
        LOD morph factor.
    @remarks
        When LOD morphing is enabled, and you are using a custom material to 
        shade the terrain, you need to inform this class of the parameter you
        wish the current LOD morph factor to be passed to. This is a simple
        float parameter value that the plugin will set from 0 to 1, depending on
        the morph stage of a tile. 0 represents no morphing, ie the vertices are
        all in the original position. 1 represents a complete morph such that
        the height of the vertices is the same as they are at the next lower LOD
        level. The vertex program must use this factor, in conjunction with the
        per-vertex height delta values (bound as 'blend weight'), to displace
        vertices.
    @note This version of the method lets you specify a parameter index, compatible
        with low-level assembler vertex programs. There is an alternative signature method
        which allows you to set the parameter name for high-level programs.
    @param paramName The name of the parameter which will receive the morph factor
    */
    void setCustomMaterialMorphFactorParam(size_t paramIndex);
    /** Sets the distance at which the LOD will start to morph downwards, as
    a proportion of the distance between the LODs. */
    void setLODMorphStart(Real morphStart);

    /** Returns the TerrainRenderable that contains the given pt.
        If no tile exists at the point, it returns 0;
    */
    virtual TerrainRenderable * getTerrainTile( const Vector3 & pt );

    /** Returns the TerrainPage that contains the given pt.
    If no page exists at the point, it returns 0;
    */
    virtual TerrainPage* getTerrainPage( const Vector3 & pt );

    /** Creates a RaySceneQuery for this scene manager. 
    @remarks
        This method creates a new instance of a query object for this scene manager, 
        looking for objects which fall along a ray. See SceneQuery and RaySceneQuery 
        for full details.
    @par
        The instance returned from this method must be destroyed by calling
        SceneManager::destroyQuery when it is no longer required.
    @param ray Details of the ray which describes the region for this query.
    @param mask The query mask to apply to this query; can be used to filter out
        certain objects; see SceneQuery for details.
    */
    RaySceneQuery* 
        createRayQuery(const Ray& ray, unsigned long mask = 0xFFFFFFFF);

    /** Overridden in order to store the first camera created as the primary
        one, for determining error metrics and the 'home' terrain page.
    */
    Camera* createCamera( const String &name );
    /// Gets the terrain options 
    const TerrainOptions& getOptions(void) { return mOptions; }

    /** Sets the given option for the SceneManager.
    @remarks
        Options are (in addition to those supported by superclasses):
        "PageSize", int*;
        "TileSize", int*; 
        "PrimaryCamera, Camera*;
        "MaxMipMapLevel", int*;
        "Scale", Vector3 *;
        "MaxPixelError", int*;
        "UseTriStrips", bool*;
        "VertexProgramMorph", bool*;
        "DetailTile", int*;
        "LodMorphStart", Real*;
        "VertexNormals", bool*;
        "VertexColours", bool*;
        "MorphLODFactorParamName", String*;
        "MorphLODFactorParamIndex", size_t*;
        "CustomMaterialName", String*;
        "WorldTexture", String*;
        "DetailTexture", String*;
    */
    virtual bool setOption( const String &, const void * );

    /** Sets the 'primary' camera, i.e. the one which will be used to determine
        the 'home' terrain page, and to calculate the error metrics. 
    */
    virtual void setPrimaryCamera(const Camera* cam);
    /// Internal map of page source name to page source
    typedef std::map<String, TerrainPageSource*> PageSourceMap;

    /// Iterator over all page sources
    typedef ConstMapIterator<PageSourceMap> PageSourceIterator;
    /// Get an iterator over all page sources
    PageSourceIterator getPageSourceIterator(void);
    /** Registers a TerrainPageSource class and associates it with a named type 
        of source.
    @remarks
        This function allows external classes to register themselves as providers
        of terrain pages of a particular type. Only one page source can be
        active at once, and the active one is selected by calling 
        selectPageSource(typeName), which is part of plugin configuration.
    @note The terrain engine comes with a default page source which loads
        greyscale heightmap images, registered under the type name "Heightmap".
    @param typeName A unique String to associate with this type of source
    @param source Pointer to the class which will implement this source.
    */
    virtual void registerPageSource(const String& typeName, TerrainPageSource* source);
    /** Selects a given page source based on its type name.
    @remarks
        This method activates a single page source based on its typename, 
        e.g. "Heightmap". It also passes to it a number of custom options
        which the source is able to interpret however it likes.
    @param typeName The type name of the page source to activate
    @param optionList A list of string parameters, which are expected to begin
        with 'typeName.' (e.g. "Heightmap.image"), with their appropriate
        values.
    */
    virtual void selectPageSource(const String& typeName, 
        TerrainPageSourceOptionList& optionList);

    /** Attaches a previously built page to the list of available pages.
    @remarks
        TerrainPageSource subclasses will call this method once they have
        pages available to be added to the working set. Note that whilst you
        can build TerrainPage instances in another thread if you like, this
        method must be called in the same thread as the main rendering loop 
        in order to avoid concurrency issues. 
    @param pageX, pageZ The page index at which to attach the page
    @param page The page to attach
    */
    virtual void attachPage(ushort pageX, ushort pageZ, TerrainPage* page);
    /// Get a pointer to the material being used for the terrain
    MaterialPtr& getTerrainMaterial(void);
    // Overridden from basic scene manager
    void _renderScene(Camera *cam, Viewport *vp, bool includeOverlays);

    /// Get the SceneNode under which all terrain nodes are attached.
    SceneNode* getTerrainRootNode(void) const { return mTerrainRoot; }
    /** Overridden from SceneManager */
    void clearScene(void);
	/** Overridden from SceneManager */
	void setWorldGeometryRenderQueue(uint8 qid);

	/// Get the shared list of indexes cached (internal use only)
	TerrainBufferCache& _getIndexCache(void) {return mIndexCache;}

	/// Get the shared level index list (internal use only)
	LevelArray& _getLevelIndex(void) { return mLevelIndex; }

	/// Get the current page count (internal use only)
	size_t _getPageCount(void) { return mTerrainPages.size(); }

	/// Shutdown cleanly before we get destroyed
	void shutdown(void);


protected:

    /// Validates that the size picked for the terrain is acceptable
    bool _checkSize( int s )
    {
        for ( int i = 0; i < 16; i++ )
        {
            printf( "Checking...%d\n", ( 1 << i ) + 1 );

            if ( s == ( 1 << i ) + 1 )
                return true;
        }

        return false;

    }

    /// The node to which all terrain tiles are attached
    SceneNode * mTerrainRoot;
    /// Terrain size, detail etc
    TerrainOptions mOptions;
    /// Should we use an externally-defined custom material?
    bool mUseCustomMaterial;
    /// The name of the custom material to use
    String mCustomMaterialName;
    /// The name of the world texture
    String mWorldTextureName;
    /// The name of the detail texture
    String mDetailTextureName;
    /// Are we using a named parameter to hook up LOD morph?
    bool mUseNamedParameterLodMorph;
    /// The name of the parameter to send the LOD morph to
    String mLodMorphParamName;
    /// The index of the parameter to send the LOD morph to
    size_t mLodMorphParamIndex;
    /// Whether paging is enabled, or whether a single page will be used
    bool mPagingEnabled;
    /// The number of pages to render outside the 'home' page
    unsigned short mLivePageMargin;
    /// The number of pages to keep loaded outside the 'home' page
    unsigned short mBufferedPageMargin;
    /// Grid of buffered pages
    TerrainPage2D mTerrainPages;
	//-- attributes to share across tiles
	/// Shared list of index buffers
	TerrainBufferCache mIndexCache;
	/// Shared array of IndexData (reuse indexes across tiles)
	LevelArray mLevelIndex;
    
    /// Internal method for loading configurations settings
    void loadConfig(DataStreamPtr& stream);

    /// Sets up the terrain material
    void setupTerrainMaterial(void);
    /// Sets up the terrain page slots
    void setupTerrainPages(void);
	/// Initialise level indexes
	void initLevelIndexes(void);
	/// Destroy level indexes
	void destroyLevelIndexes(void);


    /// Map of source type -> TerrainPageSource
    PageSourceMap mPageSources;
    /// The currently active page source
    TerrainPageSource* mActivePageSource;

};
/// Factory for TerrainSceneManager
class TerrainSceneManagerFactory : public SceneManagerFactory
{
protected:
	typedef std::vector<TerrainPageSource*> TerrainPageSources;
	TerrainPageSources mTerrainPageSources;
	void initMetaData(void) const;
public:
	TerrainSceneManagerFactory();
	~TerrainSceneManagerFactory();
	/// Factory type name
	static const String FACTORY_TYPE_NAME;
	SceneManager* createInstance(const String& instanceName);
	void destroyInstance(SceneManager* instance);
};

}

#endif
OgreTerrainSceneManager.h
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