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Alignment Table Cell (must appear within table rows) Alignment (same as data, except bold centered) Alignment 4.0 Table Footer (must come before THEAD> 4.0 Table Header Table Caption Alignment (groups column attributes) 4.0 Columns Spanned 4.0 Column Width 4.0 Width Percent 4.0 Group columns (groups column structure) 4.0 Columns Spanned 4.0 Group Width 4.0 Width Percent FRAMES (define and manipulate specific regions of the screen) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4.0* Frame Document (instead of ) 4.0* Row Heights (pixels or %) 4.0* Row Heights (* = relative size) 4.0* Column Widths (pixels or %) 4.0* Column Widths (* = relative size) 4.0* Borders 4.0* Border Width 4.0* Border Color N3 Frame Spacing 4.0* Define Frame (contents of an individual frame) 4.0* Display Document 4.0* Frame Name 4.0* Margin Width (left and right margins) 4.0* Margin Height (top and bottom margins) 4.0* Scrollbar? 4.0* Not Resizable 4.0* Borders 4.0* Border Color 4.0* Unframed Content (for non-frames browsers) 4.0 Inline Frame (takes same attributes as FRAME) 4.0 Dimensions 4.0 Dimensions SCRIPTS AND JAVA ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Script Location Type Language 4.0* Other Content (if scripts not supported) Applet File Name Parameters Location Identifier (for references) Alt Text (for non-Java browsers) Alignment Size (in pixels) Spacing (in pixels) N4 Server Script MISCELLANEOUS ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Comment (not displayed by the browser) Prologue Searchable (indicates a searchable index) Prompt (text to prompt input) Send Search (use a real question mark) URL of This File (must be in header) 4.0* Base Window Name (must be in header) Relationship (in header) N4 Linked File Meta Information (must be in header) Style Sheets (implementations vary) 4.0 Bidirect Off (for certain character sets) ============================================================================ Copyright (c) 1995-2001 Kevin Werbach. Redistribution is permitted, so long as there is no charge and this document is included without alteration in its entirety. This Guide is not a product of Bare Bones Software. More information is available at .

barebone.txt

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
           T H E   B A R E   B O N E S   G U I D E   T O   H T M L        
 
                               by Kevin Werbach
                             <http://werbach.com/>

                          Version 4.0 -- January 1999
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++


This document is available at <http://werbach.com/barebones/>, where you will
also find the HTML formatted version, translations, and background materials.

The Bare Bones Guide to HTML lists all the tags that current browsers are 
likely to recognize.  I have included all the elements in the official HTML 
4.0 recommendation with common attributes, as well as Netscape and Microsoft 
extensions.  This document is a quick reference, not a complete specification; 
for official information about HTML and its development, see the World Wide 
Web Consortium site at <http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/>.

The Guide is designed to be as concise as possible, and therefore it doesn't
go into any detail about how to use the various tags.  For links to some good
step-by-step HTML guides, see <http://werbach.com/web/wwwhelp.html>.
   


FORMATTING OF THIS DOCUMENT
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
This document looks best displayed in a monospaced font.  

For clarity, I have separated out tag attributes onto separate lines.  
Generally, multiple attributes can be applied to the same tag.  

Tags are listed in upper case for ease of reading, although most tags are
not case sensitive.



SYMBOLS USED
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
URL    URL of an external file (or just file name if in the same directory)
?      Arbitrary number (i.e. <H?> means <H1>, <H2>, <H3>, etc.)
%      Arbitrary percentage (i.e. <HR WIDTH="%"> means <HR WIDTH="50%">, etc.)
***    Arbitrary text (i.e. ALT="***" means fill in with text)    
$$$$$$ Arbitrary hex (i.e. BGCOLOR="#$$$$$$" means BGCOLOR="#00FF1C", etc.)
:::    Arbitrary date (i.e. DATETIME=":::" means "1994-11-05T08:15:30" etc.)
@      Email address (i.e. "mailto:@" means "mailto:kevin@werbach.com" etc.)
,,,    Comma-delimited (i.e. COORDS=",,," means COORDS="0,0,50,50", etc.)
|      Alternatives (i.e. ALIGN=LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER means pick one of these)


COMPATIBILITY (remember, HTML is evolving and browser implementations vary)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
     (no notation) In the HTML 3.2 spec.; should work on all browsers 
4.0  Introduced in HTML 4.0 recommendation
N1   Netscape extension introduced with Navigator version 1.0 or 1.1
N2   Netscape extension introduced with Navigator version 2.0 
N3   Netscape extension introduced with Navigator version 3.0
N4   Netscape extension introduced with Navigator/Communicator version 4.0
MS   Microsoft Internet Explorer extension
*    Netscape extension now included in the HTML 4.0 specification

===========================================================================
===========================================================================

NOTE: If you want to make your file more easily transeferable to XHTML, you 
should type tags in small letters and put quote before and after each attribute
value.

===========================================================================

GENERAL  (all HTML documents should have these)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
       Document Type    <html></html>      (beginning and end of file)
       Title            <title></title>    (must be in header)
       Header           <head></head>      (descriptive info, such as title)
       Body             <body></body>      (bulk of the page)


STRUCTURAL DEFINITION  (appearance controlled by the browser's preferences)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Heading          <H?></H?>          (the spec. defines 6 levels)
         Align Heading    <H? ALIGN=LEFT|CENTER|RIGHT></H?>
       Division         <DIV></DIV>
         Align Division   <DIV ALIGN=LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER|JUSTIFY></DIV>
4.0    Defined Content  <SPAN></SPAN>
       Block Quote      <BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE>    (usually indented)
4.0    Quote            <Q></Q>            (for short quotations)
4.0      Citation         <Q CITE="URL"></Q> 
       Emphasis         <EM></EM>          (usually displayed as italic)
       Strong Emphasis  <STRONG></STRONG>  (usually displayed as bold)
       Citation         <CITE></CITE>      (usually italics)
       Code             <CODE></CODE>      (for source code listings)
       Sample Output    <SAMP></SAMP>
       Keyboard Input   <KBD></KBD>
       Variable         <VAR></VAR>
       Definition       <DFN></DFN>        (not widely implemented)
       Author's Address <ADDRESS></ADDRESS>
       Large Font Size  <BIG></BIG>
       Small Font Size  <SMALL></SMALL>
4.0    Insert           <INS></INS>        (marks additions in a new version)
4.0      Time of Change   <INS DATETIME=":::"></INS>
4.0      Comments         <INS CITE="URL"></INS>
4.0    Delete           <DEL></DEL>        (marks deletions in a new version)
4.0      Time of Change   <DEL DATETIME=":::"></DEL>
4.0      Comments         <DEL CITE="URL"></DEL>
4.0    Acronym          <ACRONYM></ACRONYM>
4.0    Abbreviation     <ABBR></ABBR>



PRESENTATION FORMATTING  (author specifies text appearance)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Bold             <B></B>
       Italic           <I></I>
4.0*   Underline        <U></U>            (not widely implemented)
       Strikeout        <STRIKE></STRIKE>  (not widely implemented)
4.0*     Strikeout        <S></S>          (not widely implemented)
       Subscript        <SUB></SUB>
       Superscript      <SUP></SUP>
       Typewriter       <TT></TT>          (displays in a monospaced font)
       Preformatted     <PRE></PRE>        (display text spacing as-is)
         Width          <PRE WIDTH=?></PRE>   (in characters)
       Center           <CENTER></CENTER>  (for both text and images)
N1     Blinking         <BLINK></BLINK>    (the most derided tag ever)
       Font Size        <FONT SIZE=?></FONT>       (ranges from 1-7)
         Change Font Size <FONT SIZE="+|-?"></FONT>
         Font Color       <FONT COLOR="#$$$$$$"></FONT>
4.0*     Select Font      <FONT FACE="***"></FONT>
N4       Point size       <FONT POINT-SIZE=?></FONT>
N4       Weight           <FONT WEIGHT=?></FONT>
4.0*   Base Font Size   <BASEFONT SIZE=?>  (from 1-7; default is 3)
MS     Marquee          <MARQUEE></MARQUEE>


POSITIONING
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

N3     Multi-Column     <MULTICOL COLS=?></MULTICOL>
N3       Column Gutter    <MULTICOL GUTTER=?></MULTICOL>
N3       Column Width     <MULTICOL WIDTH=?></MULTICOL>
N3     Spacer           <SPACER>
N3       Spacer Type      <SPACER TYPE=HORIZONTAL|VERTICAL|BLOCK>
N3       Size             <SPACER SIZE=?>
N3       Dimensions       <SPACER WIDTH=? HEIGHT=?>
N3       Alignment        <SPACER ALIGN=LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER>
N4     Layer            <LAYER></LAYER>
N4       Name             <LAYER ID="***"></LAYER>
N4       Location         <LAYER LEFT=? TOP=?></LAYER>
N4       Rel. Position    <LAYER PAGEX=? PAGEY=?></LAYER>
N4       Source File      <LAYER SRC="***"></LAYER>
N4       Stacking         <LAYER Z-INDEX=?></LAYER>
N4       Stack Position   <LAYER ABOVE="***" BELOW="***"></LAYER>
N4       Dimensions       <LAYER HEIGHT=? WIDTH=?></LAYER>
N4       Clipping Path    <LAYER CLIP=,,,></LAYER>
N4       Visible?         <LAYER VISIBILITY=SHOW|HIDDEN|INHERIT></LAYER>
N4       Background       <LAYER BACKGROUND="$$$$$$"></LAYER>
N4       Color            <LAYER BGCOLOR="$$$$$$"></LAYER>
N4     Inline Layer     <ILAYER></ILAYER>   (takes same attributes as LAYER)
N4     Alt. Content     <NOLAYER</NOLAYER>


LINKS, GRAPHICS, AND SOUNDS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Link Something   <A HREF="URL"></A>        
         Link to Location <A HREF="URL#***"></A>  (if in another document)
                          <A HREF="#***"></A>     (if in current document)
4.0*     Target Window    <A HREF="URL" TARGET="***"></A>
4.0*     Action on Click  <A HREF="URL" ONCLICK="***"></A>      (Javascript)
4.0*     Mouseover Action <A HREF="URL" ONMOUSEOVER="***"></A>  (Javascript)
4.0*     Mouse out Action <A HREF="URL" ONMOUSEOUT="***"></A>   (Javascript)
       Link to Email    <A HREF="mailto:@"></A>
         Specify subject  <A HREF="mailto:@?SUBJECT=***"></A> (use a real ?)
       Define Location  <A NAME="***"></A> 
       Display Image    <IMG SRC="URL">   
         Alignment        <IMG SRC="URL" ALIGN=TOP|BOTTOM|MIDDLE|LEFT|RIGHT>    
N1       Alignment        <IMG SRC="URL" ALIGN=TEXTTOP|ABSMIDDLE|
                             BASELINE|ABSBOTTOM>
         Alternate        <IMG SRC="URL" ALT="***"> (if image not displayed)
         Dimensions       <IMG SRC="URL" WIDTH=? HEIGHT=?>       (in pixels)
                          <IMG SRC="URL" WIDTH=% HEIGHT=%>   (as percentage)
         Border           <IMG SRC="URL" BORDER=?>               (in pixels)
         Runaround Space  <IMG SRC="URL" HSPACE=? VSPACE=?>      (in pixels)
N1       Low-Res Proxy    <IMG SRC="URL" LOWSRC="URL">    
         Imagemap         <IMG SRC="URL" ISMAP>     (requires a script)
         Imagemap         <IMG SRC="URL" USEMAP="URL">
MS       Movie Clip       <IMG DYNSRC="***" START="***" LOOP=?>
MS     Background Sound <BGSOUND SRC="***" LOOP=?|INFINITE>
       Client-Side Map  <MAP NAME="***"></MAP>   (describes the map)
       Map Section        <AREA SHAPE="DEFAULT|RECT|CIRCLE|POLY" 
                            COORDS=",,," HREF="URL"|NOHREF> 
N1     Client Pull      <META HTTP-EQUIV="Refresh" CONTENT="?; URL=URL">
N2     Embed Object     <EMBED SRC="URL">  (insert object into page)
N2       Object Size      <EMBED SRC="URL" WIDTH=? HEIGHT=?>
4.0    Object           <OBJECT></OBJECT>
4.0      Parameters       <PARAM>


DIVIDERS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Paragraph        <P></P>            (closing tag often unnecessary)
         Align Text       <P ALIGN=LEFT|CENTER|RIGHT></P>
N        Justify Text     <P ALIGN=JUSTIFY></P>
       Line Break       <BR>               (a single carriage return)
         Clear Textwrap   <BR CLEAR=LEFT|RIGHT|ALL>   
       Horizontal Rule  <HR>
         Alignment        <HR ALIGN=LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER>
         Thickness        <HR SIZE=?>      (in pixels)
         Width            <HR WIDTH=?>     (in pixels)
         Width Percent    <HR WIDTH="%">     (as a percentage of page width)
        Solid Line       <HR NOSHADE>      (without the 3D cutout look)    
N1     No Break         <NOBR></NOBR>       (prevents line breaks)
N1     Word Break       <WBR>              (where to break a line if needed)  


LISTS  (lists can be nested)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Unordered List   <UL><LI></UL>      (<LI> before each list item)
         Compact          <UL COMPACT></UL>
         Bullet Type      <UL TYPE=DISC|CIRCLE|SQUARE>  (for the whole list)
                          <LI TYPE=DISC|CIRCLE|SQUARE>  (this & subsequent)
       Ordered List     <OL><LI></OL>      (<LI> before each list item)
         Compact          <OL COMPACT></OL>
         Numbering Type <OL TYPE=A|a|I|i|1>      (for the whole list)
                          <LI TYPE=A|a|I|i|1>      (this & subsequent)
         Starting Number  <OL START=?>             (for the whole list)
                          <LI VALUE=?>             (this & subsequent)
       Definition List  <DL><DT><DD></DL>  (<DT>=term, <DD>=definition)
         Compact          <DL COMPACT></DL>
       Menu List        <MENU><LI></MENU>  (<LI> before each list item)
         Compact          <MENU COMPACT></MENU>
       Directory List   <DIR><LI></DIR>    (<LI> before each list item)
         Compact          <DIR COMPACT></DIR>


BACKGROUNDS AND COLORS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Tiled Bkground   <BODY BACKGROUND="URL">
MS       Watermark        <BODY BGPROPERTIES="FIXED">
       Bkground Color   <BODY BGCOLOR="#$$$$$$"> (order is red/green/blue)
         Text Color       <BODY TEXT="#$$$$$$">
         Link Color       <BODY LINK="#$$$$$$">
         Visited Link     <BODY VLINK="#$$$$$$">
         Active Link      <BODY ALINK="#$$$$$$">
(More info at <http://werbach.com/web/wwwhelp.html#color>)


SPECIAL CHARACTERS  (these must all be in lower case)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Special Character &#?;            (where ? is the ISO 8859-1 code)
       <                 <
       >                 >
       &                 &  
       "                 "
       Registered TM     ®
       Registered TM     ®
       Copyright         ©
       Copyright         ©
       Non-Breaking Spc   
(Complete list at <http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/charset>)


FORMS  (generally require a script on your server)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Define Form      <FORM ACTION="URL" METHOD=GET|POST></FORM>      
4.0*     File Upload      <FORM ENCTYPE="multipart/form-data"></FORM>
       Input Field      <INPUT TYPE="TEXT|PASSWORD|CHECKBOX|RADIO|
                          FILE|BUTTON|IMAGE|HIDDEN|SUBMIT|RESET">
         Field Name       <INPUT NAME="***">
         Field Value      <INPUT VALUE="***">
         Checked?         <INPUT CHECKED>  (checkboxes and radio boxes)     
         Field Size       <INPUT SIZE=?>       (in characters)
         Max Length       <INPUT MAXLENGTH=?>  (in characters)
4.0    Button           <BUTTON></BUTTON>
4.0      Button Name      <BUTTON NAME="***"></BUTTON>
4.0      Button Type      <BUTTON TYPE="SUBMIT|RESET|BUTTON"></BUTTON>
4.0      Default Value    <BUTTON VALUE="***"></BUTTON>
4.0    Label            <LABEL></LABEL>    
4.0      Item Labelled    <LABEL FOR="***"></LABEL>
       Selection List   <SELECT></SELECT>
         Name of List     <SELECT NAME="***"></SELECT>
         # of Options     <SELECT SIZE=?></SELECT>
         Multiple Choice  <SELECT MULTIPLE>    (can select more than one)  
       Option           <OPTION>           (items that can be selected)
         Default Option   <OPTION SELECTED>
         Option Value     <OPTION VALUE="***">
4.0    Option Group     <OPTGROUP LABEL="***"></OPTGROUP>       
       Input Box Size   <TEXTAREA ROWS=? COLS=?>

Name of Box N2 Wrap Text 4.0 Group elements

4.0 Legend (caption for fieldsets) 4.0 Alignment TABLES ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Define Table

4.0* Table Alignment Table Border

(either on or off) Table Border

(you can set the value) Cell Spacing Cell Padding

Desired Width

(in pixels) Width Percent

(percentage of page) 4.0* Table Color

4.0 Table Frame

4.0 Table Rules

MS Border Color

MS Dark Border

MS Light Border

Table Row

No linebreaks

Columns to Span

Rows to Span

4.0* Desired Width

(in pixels) N3 Width Percent

(percentage of table) 4.0* Cell Color

Header Cell

No Linebreaks

Columns to Span

Rows to Span

4.0* Desired Width

(in pixels) N3 Width Percent

(percentage of table) 4.0* Cell Color

4.0 Table Body

4.0 Column

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